Sa Chinese medicine, may konsepto na "harmony between man and nature." Ano ito? Ibig sabihin, ang climate at changes sa kalikasan ay nakakaapekto sa physiological at pathological processes ng katawan. Lalo na sa panahon ng taglagas at taglamig, ang mga tumutulong sa cancer patients ay madalas magdulot ng changes sa kanilang kondisyon—hindi dahil sa cancer mismo, kundi dahil sa complications, lalo na ang inflammatory ones. Kaya, sa panahon ng climate change, ang pagpapalakas ng immune system ay mahalaga sa rehabilitation.
Mag-ingat sa pagkain
Ang pagkain at nutrition ay pundasyon ng health at rehab. Ang "balanced diet" ay isang kilalang konsepto. Dahil ang katawan ay isang buo, kailangan ng lahat ng nutrients, hindi pwedeng mag-focus sa isang aspeto, lalo na sa panahon ng cancer rehab, kailangan ng comprehensive nutrition—lahat ng bagay. Halimbawa, isang medical center sa US ay gumawa ng eksperimento sa 54 female patients na may cervical cancer. Ang grupo na nag-focus sa nutrition ay may 97.9% success rate, samantalang ang grupo na hindi focus ay 70%. Kaya ang mga doktor sa US ay naniniwala na ang success rate ay nauugnay sa nutrition. Ang West China Medical University also conducted an experiment: one group restricted food, another did not. Resulta: ang grupo na hindi restricted ay mas epektibo. Kaya ang sabihin ay: kumain ng lahat, huwag magpili.
Ang nutritional standard para sa cancer patients ay:
Protein: 1.2–1.5 grams per kg body weight per day (~70–80 grams);
Fat: 1 gram per kg body weight per day (~60 grams);
Carbohydrates: 6 grams per kg body weight per day (~300 grams);
At dapat siguraduhin ang sapat na vegetables.
Ngunit dapat tandaan na may iba pang conditions. Kung may kidney disease, dapat bawasan ang intake ng protein dahil maaaring tumaas ang creatinine at urea nitrogen. Kung may diabetes, dapat bawasan ang carbohydrate-rich foods.
Paano kumain ng sapat na nutrition
Ang cancer patients ay dapat kumain ng high-quality protein. Alam mo ba ang sinasabi: "Better to eat animals with four legs than two, two than one, one than none." Ibig sabihin, ang fish protein ay mas madaling digest at absorb, at may mataas na unsaturated fat. Maaaring mahirap i-compute, pero simple: bawat araw: 1 box ng milk + 1 egg + 50 grams ng fish + 50 grams ng soy product + 300 grams ng rice.
Carbohydrates, o ang mga bigas at harina, ang pangunahing pagkain. Ang cancer patients ay dapat kumain ng 300 grams (~6 liang) araw-araw. Ang ideya na ang pangunahing nutrisyon ay protein ay mali, dahil ang pangunahing source ng energy ay ang carbohydrates. Kapag nabreak down, ang carbon dioxide ay lumalabas sa hininga, ang tubig ay lumalabas sa ihi—ang mga produkto ay walang epekto. Pero ang protein ay hindi, dahil maaaring maitulak ang creatinine at urea nitrogen, na nagdadala ng load sa liver at kidneys. Ang fats ay hindi, dahil ang ketone bodies ay acidic at maaaring magdulot ng ketoacidosis. Kaya sa rehab period, kailangan ng sapat na staple food.
Siguraduhin ang sapat na vegetables. Ang vegetables ay nagbibigay ng vitamins, trace elements, at dietary fiber—lahat ay mahalaga at hindi maaaring balewalain. May isang pasyente na kahit kumain ng maraming vegetables ay may dry stool. Pagkatapos ay nalaman na kumain siya ng vegetable juice. Alam mo ba kung ano ang problema? Hindi nakukuha ang dietary fiber.
Alin sa mga vegetables ang may anti-cancer properties?
Maraming vegetables ang may epektibong anti-cancer properties. Narito ang ilan:
Mushrooms enhance immunity, prevent cardiovascular disease, lower cholesterol, lower blood pressure, protect the liver, detoxify, lower blood sugar, eliminate free radicals, and delay aging. For example, shiitake mushrooms are sweet and neutral, beneficial for qi and spleen, used for weakness after illness, poor appetite, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and arteriosclerosis. Research shows that shiitake contains interferon inducers that stimulate interferon production. It also contains polysaccharides with anticancer effects and nucleic acid compounds that inhibit cholesterol elevation.
Broccoli prevents cancer, eliminates harmful substances, delays aging, and prevents cardiovascular disease.
Tomatoes contain lycopene, which reduces prostate cancer incidence and shrinks lesions.
Principles of Nutrition during Autumn-Winter Transition
What are the characteristics of the autumn-winter transition? First, "dryness" is the dominant factor in autumn, and many illnesses are caused by dryness. Second, "dryness overpowers moisture," easily damaging yin and body fluids, leading to dry symptoms. Autumn dryness depletes body fluids, and the pathogen enters through the mouth and nose, affecting the lungs. If not resolved promptly, dryness turns into fire, harming lung yin, and over time may damage stomach fluid or even liver and kidney yin. Third, early cold. Cold is a yin evil, damaging yang energy, which includes our immune function.
Therefore, the principle of food nourishment during autumn-winter transition is: nourish the lungs, moderate tonification, moisten dryness, generate fluids, and avoid spicy or greasy foods. Many foods are suitable for nourishing lungs, moistening dryness, and moderate tonification, such as apricot kernels, loach, duck meat, shad, yam, taro, white fungus, ginkgo, grapes, lilies, milk, rock sugar, bee milk, carrots, radish, black fungus, figs, plums, etc. Clear lung and moisten dryness foods include radish, spinach, malva, luohan fruit, sugarcane, water chestnut, winter melon seeds, loofah, pear, duck egg, cabbage, mushrooms, pomelo, etc.
Additionally, two traditional Chinese medicines have significant anticancer effects: ginseng and reishi. Ginseng has the ability to greatly replenish vital energy, strengthen the spleen and lungs, generate fluids, quench thirst, calm the mind, and relieve irritability. Modern research proves it enhances immune function, has anticancer and anti-cancer effects, improves adaptability to external environments, and regulates metabolism and endocrine functions. Reishi, sweet in taste and neutral in nature, has effects such as calming the mind, tonifying strength, delaying aging, protecting the liver, detoxifying, strengthening heart qi, and nourishing lung qi. Modern research confirms it enhances stress resistance, regulates immune function, protects bone marrow, protects the liver, relieves cough, removes phlegm, alleviates asthma, strengthens the heart, resists myocardial ischemia, inhibits platelet aggregation, and has anticancer effects.
Recommended Early Winter Tonics
1. 150 grams of lean pork, 10 grams of reishi, 6 grams of astragalus. For qi and blood deficiency or leukopenia after chemotherapy or radiation.
2. 50 grams each of red beans and red dates, 15 grams of longan flesh. For blood deficiency and restless sleep. But those with yin deficiency and yang excess may experience increased blood pressure; hypertensive patients should use with caution.
3. 1 whole hen (or duck if chicken is not preferred), 10 grams of astragalus. For leukopenia after surgery or chemotherapy.
4. 5 grams of raw ginseng, 250 grams of sea cucumber. For fatigue and weakness.
5. 12 grams of angelica, 100 grams of ginger, 500 grams of lamb. Suitable for yang deficiency; not for yin deficiency (e.g., flushed face, hot palms, night sweats, dry mouth between 3–5 PM). For postoperative blood deficiency.
6. 250 grams of fresh fish meat, 250 grams of fresh yam slices. For spleen deficiency, poor appetite, loose stools.
7. 150 grams of lion’s mane mushroom, 250 grams of tender chicken meat, 10 grams of astragalus. Chicken can be replaced with other meats if not preferred. For spleen deficiency, poor appetite, fatigue, and qi-blood deficiency.
(This article is based on a speech by Professor Yu Erxin, a renowned physician in Shanghai and chief physician at Fudan University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, delivered at the "Large-scale Cancer Prevention Campaign in Autumn-Winter" organized by the Shanghai Medical Association and sponsored by Shanghai Green Valley Group. The title was added by the publication.)
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