Ang abdominal pain ay isang karaniwang sintomas sa mga bata, at anumang sakit sa bahagi ng dibdib mula sa xiphoid hanggang sa sides ng umbilicus at sa ibaba ng pubic bone ay tinatawag na abdominal pain. May isang pagtataya na ang 1/3 o higit pa ng mga bata mula sa preschool hanggang elementary school ay nakaranas ng abdominal pain. Ang abdominal pain ay maaaring dulot ng maraming kondisyon, at maraming internal at surgical conditions ay maaaring magdulot ng abdominal pain, na maaaring functional o organic. Ang tinutukoy dito ay ang abdominal pain na walang organikong dahilan, limitado sa area ng umbilicus, at paulit-ulit na nangyayari sa mga bata. Ang edad ng pagkakasakit ay karaniwan sa 3-14 taong gulang, at ang prevalence rate sa mga school-aged children ay 10%~20%. Sa Traditional Chinese Medicine, tinatawag ito bilang "Changqi Bing", "Chang Tong", o "Pan Chang Qi", at naniniwala na ang pagkakasakit ay maaaring dulot ng infection ng roundworm, maling diet, cold stimulation, weak spleen and stomach, qi stagnation at blood stasis, at liver qi invading the stomach. Batay sa iba't ibang clinical presentation ng bata, maaaring hatiin sa mga sumusunod na uri para sa paggamot.
1. Worm Infestation Abdominal Pain: Karaniwan ang sakit sa paligid ng umbilicus, maaaring mag-umpisa at tumigil, at kung malala ay maaaring magdulot ng vomiting of worms, at ang sakit ay lumalala kapag kumain, kasama ang weight loss. Ang paggamot ay nakatuon sa killing worms, promoting digestion, at relieving constipation, gamit ang Wu Mei Wan kasama ang pagdaragdag.
2. Food Injury Abdominal Pain: Ito ay dulot ng hindi wastong pagkain, masyadong maraming oily at crispy foods, na nakakasira sa spleen at stomach. Ang mga sintomas ay chest tightness, reduced appetite, belching, sour taste, bloated abdomen, abdominal pain, bad breath, thick coating on the tongue, at sa mga bata ay maaaring magbuntong-buntong ng undigested milk or food, o may crying and irritability. Ang paggamot ay nakatuon sa digesting food and promoting digestion, gamit ang Bao He Wan kasama ang pagdaragdag, o maaaring gamitin ang Jiao San Xian.
3. Cold Constriction Abdominal Pain: Ang mga bata ay karaniwang may weak constitution, at kapag ang temperatura ay bumaba, ang cold pathogen ay madaling maka-impluwensya sa abdomen, na nagdudulot ng cold constriction at qi stagnation, at kung gayon ay abdominal pain. Ang mga sintomas ay intermittent abdominal pain, loose stools, clear urine, pale complexion, sour taste, cold limbs, at ang sakit ay bumababa kapag mainit. Ang paggamot ay nakatuon sa warming the middle and dispersing cold, gamit ang Xiao Jian Zhong Tang, o maaaring gamitin ang Wu Zhu Yu Tang kasama ang pagdaragdag.
4. Cold Drink Abdominal Pain: Dulot ng sobrang pagkain ng cold foods, fruits, etc., na nakakasira sa spleen at stomach, at karaniwan ang nangyayari sa summer after drinking cold drinks. Ang mga sintomas ay intermittent abdominal pain, karaniwan sa paligid ng umbilicus, nausea, vomiting with sour taste and food residue, intestinal rumbling, diarrhea, at ang stool exam ay normal. Ang paggamot ay nakatuon sa warming the middle, dispersing cold, moving qi, and relieving pain, gamit ang Si Ni Tang kasama ang pagdaragdag. Kapag may vomiting at diarrhea, ang pag-inom ng Huo Xiang Zheng Qi Water ay maaaring magdulot ng magandang resulta.
5. Spleen Deficiency Abdominal Pain: Ito ay dulot ng chronic abdominal pain dahil sa weak spleen and stomach. Ang mga sintomas ay weak constitution, weak limbs, shortness of breath, poor appetite, incomplete digestion, vomiting or diarrhea, and mild abdominal pain. Ang paggamot ay nakatuon sa strengthening the spleen, tonifying qi, harmonizing the stomach, and removing dampness, gamit ang Shen Ling Bai Zhu San kasama ang pagdaragdag.
6. Liver Qi Invading Stomach Abdominal Pain: Ang mga sintomas ay distention and fullness in the epigastric region, severe pain around the umbilicus, intermittent pain, frequent sighing. The pain is relieved after passing gas, recurring frequently, and often triggered by emotional changes. The treatment aims to soothe the liver, regulate qi, harmonize the stomach, and relieve pain, using Chai Hu Shu Gan San with modifications.
7. Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Abdominal Pain: The symptoms include discomfort and distension around the umbilicus, pain that worsens with pressure, sharp pain like needle pricks, fixed location (around the umbilicus), palpable mass that does not move when pushed, severe pain upon pressing, dull complexion, dark red tongue or ecchymosis, fine or wiry pulse. The treatment aims to regulate qi, resolve blood stasis, dissipate masses, and relieve pain, commonly using Shao Fu Zhu Yu Tang with modifications. If qi stagnation is prominent, add Chuan Lian Zi and Wu Yao to relieve pain; if there is a mass in the abdomen, cautiously add small amounts of San Leng, E Zhu, and Chuan Shan Jia to dissipate stasis and relieve pain.
In summary, there are many causes of abdominal pain in children, and careful differentiation based on clinical presentation is essential. In addition to medication based on syndrome differentiation, other methods such as acupuncture, massage, and physical therapy can be combined according to the child's specific condition. Additionally, prevention and daily care should be emphasized: maintain regular eating habits, avoid overeating or consuming raw, fried, or greasy foods; ensure food hygiene by washing and cooking vegetables thoroughly, peeling fruits, avoiding raw water, and washing hands before and after meals; and keep the abdomen warm.
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