Chronic renal failure results from various causes causing chronic kidney damage. When metabolic waste accumulates, disturbances in water, electrolytes, and acid-base balance occur, leading to a series of clinical manifestations—this condition is known as such. Main preventive measures include:
1) Dietary therapy: ① Raw Huang Qi 60g, one large crucian carp, boiled into soup. Suitable for elderly with urinary retention. ② Gui Xin Porridge: 60g white rice, cook into porridge, add Gui Xin powder (5g daily) when half-cooked. Suitable for urinary retention due to lower jiao deficiency-cold. ③ Li Zi Porridge: Mix chestnuts and white rice, cook into porridge. Suitable for urinary retention due to lower jiao deficiency-cold. ④ Du Zhong Waist Dish: Two sheep kidneys (or pig kidneys), Du Zhong 15g, salt, ginger, scallions as seasonings. First cut open kidneys, remove membranes, stew with Du Zhong, add seasonings, cook until done, consume the kidney meat. Suitable for urinary retention due to lower jiao deficiency-cold.
2) Acupuncture: Select points Shenshu, Neiguan, Zusanli, Sanyinjiao, Taixi. For reduced or absent urination, add Zhongji, Guanyuan, Yinlingquan; for nausea and vomiting, add Zhongwan and needle Neiguan; for altered consciousness, add RENZHONG and YONGQUAN; for limb convulsions, add Yanglingquan, Taichong, Quchi. For deficiency syndromes, apply moxibustion. Auricular acupuncture: select subcortical, adrenal gland, endocrine, kidney, spleen, bladder points. Can be needled, implanted, or pressed seed method, once daily or every other day.
3) Single formulas and proven remedies: ① Fuzi Dahuang Tang: Prepared Aconite root, raw rhubarb, and motherwort each 15g, Huang Qi 30g, Mangxiao 10g. Severe edema, add Qian Qian Zi, Bai Mao Gen; obvious vomiting, add Fa Banxia, Chen Pi; abdominal distension and fullness, add Chuan Pu Hua. Decoct and take orally, suitable for acute and chronic renal failure. ② Rhubarb 1.2g, Prunus mume 1.2g, raw licorice 0.6g, borax 0.6g, Sichuan pepper seeds 3g, ginger juice 3g, stir-fried yellow chrysanthemum 3g, Wu Zhu Yu 3g, raw white peony 5g, ginger bamboo shavings 12g, Zijin Ding 2 tablets (taken separately). Decoct and take orally. Suitable for uremic nausea and vomiting. ③ Prepared aconite slices 9–30g, Poria 15g, Magnolia bark 9g, Pinellia 9g, fresh ginger 9g, Codonopsis 15g, bamboo shavings 9g, Coptis 6g, processed rhubarb 15–30g. Decoct, one dose daily, divided into 2–3 doses. Suitable for uremia. ④ Rhubarb 60g, oyster shell 30g, decoct to obtain 200–300ml juice, administer via retention enema, once or twice daily. Suitable for uremia. ⑤ Raw rhubarb 12g, prepared aconite root 9g, oyster shell 30g, decoct to extract juice, administer via retention enema. ⑥ Danshen injection 16–20ml added to 5% glucose solution 500ml, intravenous drip, once daily, 14 days per course. Suitable for acute and chronic renal failure. ⑦ Rhubarb injection: raw rhubarb 50g/100ml, mixed with 10% glucose 400ml, intravenous drip, once daily. Suitable for acute and chronic renal failure. ⑧ External application to renal area: garlic 240g, mirabilite 60g, first apply to both kidney areas for 2 hours, then mix rhubarb 150g with vinegar 200ml, apply to both kidney areas for 2 hours, once or twice daily. To prevent skin damage, apply benzoic acid tincture first on renal skin, then cover with a layer of petroleum gauze. Suitable for acute renal failure.
4) Prevention and care: ① Avoid overwork and strong mental stimulation; ② Prevent infections, eliminate infection foci to reduce factors worsening condition; ③ Quit smoking and drinking alcohol if habituated; ④ Those with edema, hypertension, significant proteinuria, or symptoms worsen with minimal activity should rest in bed.
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